Hibiscas Glossary
& Hawiian Pronounciation Guide
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Hawaiian Alphabet

There are thirteen letters in the Hawaiian alphabet as compared to the twenty six letters in the English alphabet.

Translation of the English Alphabet into the Hawaiian Alphabet

Vowel Sounds
English
Hawaiian
A
  a = (ah) as in "father"
A
  a = (uh) as in "abyss"
E
  e = (ay) as in "prey"
E
  e = (eh) as in "pet"
I
  i = (ee) as in "marine"
O
  o = (oh) as in "so"
U
  u = (oo) as in "rule"
Y
  y = (ee) as in "fury

Consonant Sounds
English
C, K, H, L, M, N, P C and K
B, D, G, J, Q, S, T, X, Z
F
R
V, W V W = v

The plural form of most nouns is often the same as the singular but with a different pronunciation.


Hawaiian
C and K = k, h = h; l = l; m = m; n = n; p = p
= k
= p
= l
= w

I didn't seek out a Hawaiian/English pronunciations and definitions dictionary for this guide, but rather I offer my interpretation of these Hawaiian terms as used in this story and gained through my experiences.

Vowel sounds:
a = ah; e = ay, eh; i = ee; o = oh; u = oo; y = ee
Blended vowels: ae = aye, aie; wai, vai = why, vai; ao = kow; au = ow, au; ei = ay; oe = oi;

Explanation:
In the pronunciation guide, I have included a phonetic example in parentheses.

  • Place the emphasis on the syllable that appears in capital letters. example: (KEE hay)
  • All syllables are connected except when the Hawaiian word uses the backward apostrophe (okina '). The okina is a "glottal stop," a pause between syllables.
  • In the example, the pause is indicated with a forward slash. Example: (moo / oo).

Hawaiian

a'a li'i (AH ah LEE ee): One of the first plants to grow in fresh lava fields

'ae (aye): yes

ahu (AH hoo): altar; shrine

a hui hou (ah HOO ee HOH oo): until we meet again

'alaea (ah LIE ah): the volcanic red clay of the Hawaiian Islands

Alapaki (ah lah PAH kee): Alfred "Al" Carter, the author's husband

aloha (ah LOH hah): hello; good-bye; love; caring; forgiveness; mercy; compassion

ha (ha): breath; life [as defined by Aunty Mahilani Poepoe]

hala (HAH lah): the pandanas tree; the leaves are used in making crafts

hale (HAH lay): house

Haleakala (hah lay ah kah LAH): a dormant volcano that formed the eastern part of Maui; the name means "House of the sun"

Halema'uma'u (hah lay mah / oo MAH / oo): the name given to the crater formed by Kilauea Volcano on the Big Island of Hawai'i

Hale O Kukui (HAH lay - oh - koo KOO ee): the author's condo home; the name means "House of Light"

Hau'oli (how / OH lee): Joyce Carter, the author; the name means "filled with joy"; "words from on high"

Hau'oli Kane (hau / Oh lee - KAH nay): husband of Hau'oli

Hawai'i [the Hawaiian Islands] (hah WHY / ee or hah VIE / ee): the Hawaiian Archipelago located in the mid-Pacific

Hawaiian (hah WHY ahn): pertaining to things of Hawai'i

heiau (HEY ee ow): an ancient Hawaiian temple; a place of worship

Honolulu (hoh noh LOO loo): the Hawaiian state capitol, located on the island of O'ahu

honu (HOH noo): the Hawaiian green sea turtle

ho'omanawanui (hoh / oh mah nah wah NOO ee): to have patience

hula (HOO lah): the graceful dance of Hawai'i

hukilau (hoo kee LAU): a gathering to catch fish in a net, cook and eat

'Iao (ee AH oh): a sacred valley, a needle rock formation, and the river that runs through it; the name means "Dawn of Enlightenment" [as defined by Lei'ohu Ryder]

'Iao (ee AH oh): Maydeen; musician and friend

kahakuloa (kah hah ku LOH ah): A small fishing village located on the northeastern coast of Maui

[Mauna] Kahalawai (kah hah lah VIE): an extinct volcano that formed the western part of the island of Maui; also known as the West Maui Mountains

Kaho'olawe (kah hoh / oh LAH vay): a small, uninhabited island off the southwestern coast of Maui; called the "Target Island" because the U.S. Military used it for target practice following World War II

Kahului (kah hoo LOO ee): one of the twin cities located on the east-central coast of Maui

Kanaio (kah NIE oh): an ancient uninhabited site on the back side of Haleakala

Kaneohe [Bay] (kah nay OH hay): the name of a town and a bay on the eastern coast of the island of O'ahu

kaona (KOW nah): Hawaiian words with hidden meanings; hidden truths

Ke Akua (kay - ah KOO ah): the Creator, the Source, a Higher Power

keiki (KAY kee): Child; children

kihei (KEE hay): cloak; covering; mantle; cape

Kilauea (kee lau AY ah): an active volcano on the Big Island of Hawai'i

kukui (ku KOO ee): the candlenut tree; the oil of the nut can be ignited; sacred Light

Kukuipuka (koo koo ee POO kah): an ancient, sacred heiau located in the West Maui Mountains; kukui means light; puka means opening: gateway to the Light

kuleana (koo lay AH nah): responsibility

kupuna (koo POO nah): grandparents; ancestors; angels

ku'u aloha (KOO / oo ah LOH hah): the love that binds

la (lah): the sun

Lana'i (lah NAH / ee): a small island off the northwestern coast of Maui; known as the "Pineapple Island"

lei (lay): a garland of flowers or other materials worn around the neck or head and given by the people of the Pacific in friendship and love

Lei'ohu (lay / OH hoo): Lei'ohu Ryder; wisdom keeper and spiritual guide; lei'ohu means flower garland of mist

lomi lomi (LOH mee LOH mee): a form of healing and massage practiced in Hawai'i

lu'au (LOO / au): a Hawaiian feast

mahalo (mah HAH loh): thank you

Mahilani Poepoe (mah hee LAH nee POI poi): Aunty; a living kupuna; a woman of great wisdom and Lei'ohu's and Maydeen's adopted mother

maluhia (mah loo HEE ah): peace

mana (MAH nah): spiritual power; strength

Maui (MAU ee): the second largest Hawaiian Island; known as the "Valley Isle"

mauna (MAU nah): mountain

mele (MEH leh): song

Molokini (moh loh KEE nee): an islet off the southwest coast of Maui

mu'umu'u (moo / oo MOO / oo): a conservatively designed, loose dress introduced to Hawaiian women by the missionaries in the 1700s, now made in fabrics of bright colors and patterns

O'ahu (oh / AH hoo): the third largest Hawaiian Island; known as "the Gathering Place;" where Honolulu and Waikiki Beach are located

ohana (oh HAH nah): family

'olelo (oh LEH loh): story

oli (OH lee): a chant; words from on high [as defined by Aunty Mahilani Poepoe]

pahu (PAH hoo): a single-headed drum made from the trunk of one tree

piko (PEE koh): umbilical cord

pohaku (poh HAH koo): rock; stone

poi (poi): a food made from pounded taro root; a purple, pasty starch; a Hawaiian staple

puka (POO kah): hole; opening; gateway

pu oli (poo - OH lee): a shell that has been drilled so that it can be blown like a trumpet

pu'uhonua (poo / oo hoh NOO ah): place of refuge

pu'uwai (poo / oo VIE): heart

'ukulele (oo koo LEH leh): a small, four-stringed guitar originally brought to Hawai'i from Portugal; the name means "dancing flea"

waiha (wai HAH or vai HAH): breath of life

Waikiki (wai kee KEE): a famous beach on the island of O'ahu

Wailuku (wai LOO koo): one of two cities located on the east-central coast of Maui, twin city to Kahului


Non-Hawaiian

chickenskin: small bumps that form on the skin that indicate surprise or fear; "goosebumps"

lava: molten rock produced from an active volcano; also such rock solidified

mainland: a reference to the lower 48 United States

pidgin [English]: the original combined language of the field workers that many Hawaiians often use in casual conversation

talk story: conversation of any sort between two or more people; casual, personal, or instructive lecture

Taro: the plant from which poi is made by crushing and cooking the root

ti: a tropical plant held in high regard by Hawaiians because of its many sacred and secular uses

windward: the eastern, rainy coast of an island

© 2007 Joyce Carter

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